An Introduction to MPEG-G: The First Open ISO/IEC Standard for the Compression and Exchange of Genomic Sequencing Data

The development and progress of high-throughput sequencing technologies have transformed the DNA from a scientific research challenge to practice. With release latest generation machines, cost whole human genome has dropped less than $\$ $ 600. Such achievements open door personalized medicine, where it is expected that genomic information patients will be analyzed as standard However, associated costs, related storing, transmitting, processing large volumes data, are already comparable costs sequencing. To support design new interoperable solutions for representation, compression, management Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) jointly with working group 5 ISO/TC276 “Biotechnology” started produce ISO/IEC 23092 series, known MPEG-G. MPEG-G does not only offer higher levels compression compared state art but also provides functionalities, such built-in random access in compressed domain, data protection mechanisms, flexible storage, streaming capabilities. specifies decoding syntax bitstreams, well file format transport format. This allows encoding degrees optimization while maintaining compatibility any existing decoder.